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सं.

PN

Sant (abbreviated title = Saint)

संकीर्णता

Parochialism, narrowness, narrow-mindedness

संकोच

Contraction, shyness, hesitation, indeterminacy

संक्{Tatia, 1994 #2578@279}52;मणकालीन

Transitional

संक्षिप्त

Brief, concise, abbreviated

संक्षेप

Brief form

• संक्षेप में (in brief)

In brief

संख्या

Number, mass, sum

संग

See के संग (with, together with)

संगती

M

A companion, associate

• छन्द-संगती (chand-alignment (Informant))

संगीत

M

The art of making music

संघर्ष

Struggle, conflict, strife, friction

संतरा

M

Orange

संतुष्ट

Adj

Satisfied

संतुष्टी

F

Satisfaction

संदर्भ

M

Context, contextual reference

See संदर्भ में (concerning)

Concerning

संदेश

Message

संनिद्धता

Closing

संनिहित

Together, near, contiguous, proximate, present, prepared for

संपन्न

Prosperous, rich, completed, accomplished, perfect, endowed with, obtained, thriving

संपूर्ण

Finished, whole

संपूर्णता

Completeness

संबंध

See के संबंध में : (in connection with, with regard to, concerning)

संभनकर चली

Watch carefully

संभलकर

Carefully

संभलकर चली।

Walk carefully

संभलना

I

To be careful

संभव

Possible

See:

• संभव है कि... (it is possible that...)

It is possible that...

संभवतः

Adv

Possibly

संभवाना

C

To have an agent take care of someone or something

संभालना

T

To be supported, or propped up; to be borne (expenses); to manage; to get by (despite difficulties); to recover; to be watchful, attentive; to be curbed, checked; to help, support; to control; take care of, nourish; to supervise, handle

संभावना

Esteem, imagination, fitness, possibility, probability

संभाव्यतः

Adv

Presumably

संयम

Restraint

संवाद

Dialogue, conversation, discussion, news, information, message, communication

संशोधन

Ammendment, correction, revision, purification

संस्कृत

Sanskrit

संस्कृति

F

Purification; improvement; culture; civilization; Sanskrit

संस्था

Institution

सकना

I,T

To be able to

See: सकना पड़ना (might become necessary)

Might become necessary

सकों

Would be able to (Informant)

सक्सैना

PN

Saksana (personal name)

सख्त

Strict, severe

सच

M, Adv

M: Truth

Adv: truly

The real thing is, truly speaking

सचमुच

Adv

Really, truly

सच्चा

True; truthful; genuine; sincere; loyal; faithful; just

सजना

I

To be decorated

सजावट

F

Decoration

सजीव

Adj

Living, full of life

सड़क

F

Road, street

सड़ना

I

To rot

सड़सठ

Sixty-seven

सतगुना

Seven times as much/many

सतगुना

Seven times

सतहत्तर

Seventy-seven

सत्तर

Seventy

सत्ता

Existence, power

सत्ताईस

Twenty-seven

सत्तावन

Fifty-seven

सत्तासी

Eighty-seven

सत्य

M

Truth

सत्यं, शिवम्, सुंदरम्

Truth(ful), peace(ful), and beauty(ful)

सत्रह

Seventeen

सत्रहवाँ

Seventeenth

सदा

Adv

Always

सदृश

Adj

Like, similar, alike, resembling

सदैव

Always, ever, forever

सद्

Truth, areana of eternal conflict, real, soul, good, pious, virtuous, present, true, reality

सन्

Year

सन्दर्भ

Context, contextual reference

सपरिवार

Adj

With family

सप्तम

Adj

Seventh

सफ़र

M

Journey, trip

सफल

Successful , fruitful

सफलता

F

Success

To do the cleaning

सफ़ेद

White

सब

Everything, all, each

• सब कहीं (everwhere)
• सब कुछ (everything)
• सब चलता है (anything goes)
• सब से ज़्यादा (most of all)
• सब से बढ़कर (superlative marker)

Everywhere

Everything

सब चलता है

Id

Anything goes

Adv

Most of all

सब से बढ़कर

SM

Superlative marker

सबका

All

सबमें

SM

Superlative marker

सबसे

SM

Superlative marker

सबेरे

Adv

In the morning

सब्ज़ी

F

Vegetable

सभी

All, every, each

सभ्यता

Civilization, courtesy

सम

Pref, Adj

(Pref) With; very; wholly; complete;

(Adj) Even, similar, entire

समकालीन

Contemporary

समकालीनता

F

Contemporaneity

समक्ष

Before, in front of, face to face with, about

समगेरैया

PN

Samageraya (personal name)

समझ

F

Understanding, intelligence

समझदार

Adj

Intelligent

समझना

T

To understand

समझवाना

C

To have an agent explain

समझा

Understood

समझाना

C

To explain

समझौता

M

Compromise, agreement

समताभाव

Equality, similarity

समन्वय

Connection, coordination, meeting, union, sequence, coincidence, harmony

समन्वयकारी

Coordinating, harmonizing

समबंधित

Related

समभाव

?, Adj

(?) Capacity, appropriateness, possibility, compatibility, equanimity

(Adj) possible, fit, right, proper

समय

M

(M) Time

As an imperfect participle, while

See also:

• उस समय (at that time)
• समय समय पर (occasionally)

Adv

Occasionally

समरप

See के समरप (near)

सम-सामयिक

Contemporary

समस्त

Adj

Thrown or put together: all, whole, entire; joined into a single unit (as a compound word); abbreviated

समस्या

Junction, union; Latter half of a verse; problem

See: समस्या सुलझान (to solve a problem)

समस्या सुलझाना

To solve a problem

समाचार

M

News

समाचारपत्र

Newspaper

समाज

M

Company, community, social

• समाज सेवक (social worker)

समाज सेवक

M

Social worker

समान

Adj

Equal, similar, alike

See के समान (similar to, like, equal to)

समानता

F

Equality , similarity

समाहार

M

Collection, accumulation, concentration; procuration; totality; conjunction of words or sentences; compounding of words

समीक्षक

Reviewer

समीक्षकीय

Adj

Related to review

समीक्षा

F

Review

समीचीन

Appropriate, fit, proper, right, equitable

समृद्ध

Prosperous, rich, enriched

समॅ

F

Shame

सम्प्रदाय

Creed

सम्बंध

M

Relation, relationship; connection; association; affinity; rhyme, meter; the genitive or possessive case in grammar

• के सम्बन्ध में (in connection with, with regard to, concerning)

सम्बंधित

Related

सम्बंधी

Related to (acts like a postposition)

सम्बंधी

Relative, relation, related to, connected with, belonging

सम्बन्ध

Relation, relationship; connection; association; affinity; rhyme, meter; the genitive or possessive case in grammar

• के सम्बन्ध में (in connection with, with regard to, concerning)

सम्बन्ध में

See के सम्बन्ध में (in connection with, with regard to, concerning)

सम्भवतः

Adv

Possibly

सम्मेलन

M

Conference, gathering

सम्राट

?, PN

Emperor

Samrath (personal name)

सर

Sir

सरकार

F

Government

सरकारी

Adj

Governmental; official

सरल

Simple, easy, straight, straightforward

सरलता

Simplicity/straightness

सरसता

Sweetness (Kumar)

सरासर

Adv

Entirely, totally

सरीखा

Adj

Like, resembling, identical

सरोद

M

Sarod -- a musical instrument like a guitar

सर्जन

Creating, creation, surgeon

सर्म

F

Shame

सर्व

Whole

सर्वग्राही

Wholehearted

सर्वथा

Totally, completely, entirely, always

सर्वप्रथम

The very first

सलाह

F

Advice

सवा

1 1/4, N + ¼

See:

• सवा दो (2 ¼)
• सवा सौ (125)

सवा दो

2 ¼

सवा सौ

125

सवाद

Celebration

सवाल

M

Question

सवेरे

Adv

In the morning

सशक्त

Forceful, powerful

सस्ता

Cheap

सस्नातक

PN

Snatak (personal name)

सहकार्य

M

Cooperation, collaboration

सहगान

M

Chorus

सहगामिनी

F

Co-traveler, companion

सहज

Adj

(Adj) Born together; innate; natural, instinctive; unforced, unaffected; easy, simple

(M) Full brother; natural state or disposition; the unqualified absolute, the supreme being

सहमत

Agreeing (with)

सहमत होना

I

To agree (with)

सहमति

F

Agreement

सहयोग

M

Cooperation, collaboration

सहर्ष

Adj

With happiness, with joy

सहसा

Adv

Suddenly

सहायक

Assistant, aide, helper, promoter

सहारे

See के सहारे

सही

?, Adj, Adv

Emphatic particle

(?) Signature

(Adj) Right, correct, true, accurate, authentic

(Adv) Properly, certainly, undoubtedly, very well

सहृदय

Adj

Compassionate, sensitive (lit., with heart)

सहेली

F

A womans female friend

सा

Can moderate the degree of quality, as in "rather small" or "yellowish"

Can signal likeness as in "rose like color"

साँवला

Adj

Dark complexion

सांस्कृतिक

Cultural

साइकिल

F

Bicycle

सागर

M, PN

Ocean

Sagara (personal name)

साठ

Sixty

साड़ी

F

Sari

Plural = साड़ियाँ

साढ़े

N + ½

सात

Seven

सातगुना

Seven times as much/many

सातवाँ

Seventh

साथ

Adv

With, together (with), along with

• एक साथ (together)
• के साथ (together with, with, along with)
• के साथ साथ (along with, along side)
• साथ ही ( साथ) (simultaneously, together, along with)
• साथ हो लेना (to accompany; join)
• साथ-साथ (together, side by side, at the same time)

Adv

Simultaneously, together, along with

Id

To accompany; to join

साथर्कता

Validity

Together, side by side, at the same time

साथी

M

Associate, companion

साधन

M

Practice

साधना

T

Devotion, mental training, to practice

साधना

Accomplishment

साधारण

Ordinary, common

साधु

Sadhu (saint)

साध्य

Attainable

साध्वी

Sadhvi (chaste woman)

सापेक्ष

Qualified, relative, conditional

साफ़

Clean

To clean

साफ़-साफ़

Adv

Clearly; frankly; openly

सामग्री

Matter, material, things, data, furniture, tools, apparatus, articles, scenery

सामने

In front, opposite

See के सामने (in front of)

सामाजिक

Adj

Social

सामान

M

Furniture, things

सामान्य

Ordinary, general

Generally

सामान्यतः

Generally

सामान्यतया

Generally

साम्प्रदायिक

Traditional, communal, denominational. Communal carries a negative connotation on the subcontinent and can be translated sectarian.

सारा

All, whole, entire

सारी

F

Sari

सारे साल

All year

सार्थकता

Significance, use, purpose

साल

M

Year

• आगले साल (next year)
• पिछले साल (last year)
• सारे साल (all year)
• साल भर (all year)

साल भर

All year

सालवणिया

Salavaniya (personal name)

सालाना

Adj

Annual

सावछानी से

Adv

Carefully

सावधान

Watch out, be careful

सास

F

Mother-in-law

साहब

M

Mister

साहित्य

M

Literature

See

• कथा साहित्य (sometimes narrative literature and sometimes mythic literature)

साहित्यकार

M

Author

साहित्यिक

Author

सिंह

PN

Singh (personal name)

सिखवाना

C

To cause to be taught

सिखाना

C, T

To teach

सिज़ाज

M

Temperament

सितम्बर

M

September

सितारा

M

Star

सिद्ध

Proved, completed, established, fulfilled, attained

• रस-सिद्ध (exquisite)
• सिद्ध पद (blessed state)

सिद्ध पद

Blessed state (Kumar)

सिद्धलोक

Siddhalok, the supreme world, habitation of supreme beings.

सिद्धान्त

Doctrine, principle, canon, theory

सिद्धि

Adj, ?

(Adj) Accomplished, proved, perfected, celebrated

(?) Success, accomplishment. There are 8 siddhis सिद्धि which imparts the power to obtain every desired object.

सिनेमा

?

Cinema

सिन्हा

PN

Sinha (personal name)

सिपही

F

Soldier

Id

Something unpleasant or difficult that lies ahead or needs to be finished

An expression of mild disgust and boredom similar to the English "it gives me a headache

सिरदर्द

M

Headache

सिर्फ़

Only, merely

सिलवाना

C

To have an agent sew

In connection with

See:

• के सिलसीले में (in connection with)

To be engaged in sewing

सिवा

See के सिवा (except (for), apart from)

सिवाय

See के सिवाय (except for, apart from)

सी

Can moderate the degree of quality, as in "rather small" or "yellowish"

Can signal likeness as in "rose like color"

सीखना

T

To learn

सीद़ी

F

Ladder, stair step

सीधा

Adj

Simple, straight, direct

सीधापन

M

Simplicity, directness

सीधे

Adv

Straight ahead

सीना

T

To sew

• सिलाई करना (to be engaged in sewing)

सीमित

Restricted, limited, bounded, qualified

सुँघाना

T

To smell

सुंदर

Beautiful

सुकर्म

M

Good deed, good action

सुख

M

Happiness; pleasure; joy; ease, comfort; convenience; prosperity; rest, relief; peace

See:

• सुख-दुख (happiness-sadness)

Happiness-sadness

सुखलाल

PN

Sukalal (personal name)

सुखी

Adj

Happy

सुगंध

F

Good smell, fragrance

सुगठित

Shapely, well built, muscular, well-organized

सुडौल

Adj

Well built, strong; shapely, graceful

LT

Sudarshan Story (literary title) Sudarshan = a sister of Mahavira, charita = story

सुधर्मा

Sudharma (personal name)

सुधारो

Improvement

सुनना

T

To listen, to hear

• के मुँह सुनना (to hear directly from someone's mouth)
• सुनाई देना (to be audible, heard)

सुनवाना

C

To have an agent tell, relate, or recite

To be audible, heard

सुनाना

C

To tell, to relate, to recite, to cause to listen

सुनिये

Please listen

सुनो

Listen

सुन्दर

Beautiful, handsome

सुन्दरता

F

Beauty

सुपुत्र

M

Good son

सुबह

F, Adv

Morning, in the morning

• सुबह को (this morning, in the morning)
• सुबह-शाम (morning and/or evening)

F, Adv

This morning, in the morning

सुबह-शाम

Morning and/or evening

सुमदू

M

Ocean

सुरक्षित

Adj

Well-protected

Surendra = Indra, king of gods

सुरेन्दनाथ

PN

Surendanath (personal name)

सुरेन्द्रनाथ

Surendranat (personal name)

सुलभ

Easy, accessible, available, ahndy, fit, proper, appropriate, useful

सुलवाना

C

To have an agent put someone to sleep

सुलाना

T

To put someone to sleep

सुवेरे

In the morning

सुव्रतस्वामी

Subratswami (personal name)

सुशक्षित

Well educated

सुशीला

LT

Sushila (novel title) a novel by Gopaldas Baraiya and the name of a woman

सुषमा

F

Splendor

सुष्मा

PN

Sushma (personal name)

सुसंस्कृत

Cultured

सुस्पष्ट

Very clear, distinct, intelligible

सूकना

I

To dry up

सूक्ष्मता

Subtlety, fineness, precision

सूयॅ

M

Sun

सूरज

M

Sun

सूरत

F

Form, face

सूरत

F

Appearance, face; situation

सूरतलाल

PN

Suratalal (personal name)

सूर्य

M

Sun

सूर्योदय

M

Sunrise

सृजन

Creation

सृष्टि

F

Creating; creation, production; invention; the creation of the world; nature

से

From, by, with, since, than

Can express a reason, to express a change of state (Kumar, 238)

Can indicate the agent with second causative verbs as in: मैंने बच्चे को नौकर से खाना खिलवाया = I had the servant feed the child.

Translate comparative formulations, like " राम सीता से लम्बा है" Ram is taller than Sita.

Can moderate the degree of quality, as in "rather small" or "yellowish"

Can signal likeness as in "rose like color"

Sometimes appears between a reduplicated adjectives which serve to indicate a superlative (Kumar, 216)

Can mean for, of

See

• अच्छी तरह से (nicely)
• अधिक से अधिक (at most)
• अपने आप (से) (by oneself)
• अपने से (by oneself)
• अब से (from now onward, in the future)
• आगे से (in the future)
• आम तौर से (generally)
• आराम से (easily)
• आसानी से (easily)
• इस तरह (से) (in this manner)
• एक-दूसरे से (with, to each other)
• कठिनाई से (with difficulty)
• कम से कम (at the least)
• काहे से (with what, how)
• की तरफ़ से (on behalf of)
• की वजह से (because of, on account of)
• के ज़रिये (से) (by, by means of, through the agency of)
• के बहाने (से) (on the pretext of, with the pretense of)
• कौन-से (which)
• कौन कौन-से (which specifically)
• क्या से क्या (expresses a complete change of state)
• ख़ाम तौर से (in a special manner, especially)
• ख़ास पौर से (especially, specifically)
• ख़ुशी से (gladly)
• चुप-चाप (से) (quietly, silently)
• जब से... तब से (from [the time] when... since then)
• ज़रिये (से) (by, by means of, through the agency of)
• जल्द से जल्द (as quikly as possible)
• जल्दी (से) (quickly, urgently)
• जल्दी से जल्दी (as quickly as possible)
• ज़बरदस्ती (से) (forcibly)
• जिस तरह से... उस तरह से (in which manner... in that manner)
• जिस प्रकार से... उस प्रकार से (in which manner... in that manner)
• ज़ोर से (out loud, with force)
• ज़्यादा से ज़्यादा (at the most, maximum)
• ठीक (से) (correctly)
• ढंग से (properly)
• तब से (since then)
• तरफ़ से (on behalf of)
• तेज़ी से (quickly)
• तौर से (creates and adjective)
• देर से (late)
• धीरे (से) (slowly)
• ध्यान से (attentively, carefully)
• पहले से (from the beginning, already)
• पहले से ही (already)
• पीछे से (from behind)
• पूर्ण रूप से (completely, fully)
• प्रारंभ से (from the beginning, first of all)
• फिर से (again, anew, afresh)
• बहाने (से) (on the pretext of, with a pretense of)
• बहुत देर से (since long)
• बहुत-से (many)
• बेचैनी से (anxiously)
• भाग्य से (fortunately)
• भूल से (by mistake)
• मार्ग से (by way of, but see caution)
• मुख्य रूप से (chiefly, mainly)
• मुश्किल से (with difficulty, hardly, scarcely)
• में से (out of, from among; from inside of)
• रूप से (creates an adverb from a noun or adjective)
• वजह से (because of, on account of)
• विशेष तौर से (especially)
• विशेष रूप से (especially)
• सब से ज़्यादा (most of all)
• सामान्य रूप से (generally)
• सावछानी से (carefully)
• से... तक (from... to)
• से दूर (far from)
• से... नहीं (verb) जाना (indicates inability or unwillingness to do something)
• से नहीं होता (X से नहीं होता = X cannot bring himself to do it)
• से पहले (before, earlier than)
• से बढ़कर (more than, better than, superior to)
• से बाहर (outside of, beyond)
• से लेकर (from, starting with)
• से होकर (X से होकर: via X, through X, by way of X, via X)

से... तक

From... to

से दूर

PP

Far from

से नहीं होता

X से नहीं होता = X cannot bring himself to do it

PP

Before; earlier than, ahead of

Behind

से बढ़कर

PP

More than, better than, superior to

से बाहर

PP

Outside of, beyond

PP

From, starting with; beginning from (time and space)

से होकर

Id

X से होकर: via X, through X, by way of X, via X

From... to

Indicates inability or unwillingness to do something

सेठी

PN

Sehti

सेब

M

Apple, apple tree

सेहत

F

Health

सेहरबानी

Very kind of you!

सैंकड़ों

Hundreds

सैंतालीस

Forty-seven

सैंतीस

Thirty-seven

सैद्धांतिक

Theoretical, doctrinal

सैनिक

M

Soldier

सैर

F

Walk, stroll, trip

Conj, PP

(Conj): A conjunction used to connect two ideas where the second idea is the result of the first: "so," "therefore," "hence," "for this reason"

(PP): This, these, he, she, it

I

To fall asleep

सोचकर

Thoughtfully

सोचना

T

To think

• करने की सोचना (planning to do)

सोच-साच कर

Having thought thoroughly

सोना

I, M

(I): To sleep

(M) Gold

सोमवार

M

Monday

सोलह

Sixteen

सोलहवाँ

Sixteenth

सौ

Hundred

• सवा सौ (125)

सौंदर्य

M

Beauty

सौगुना

A hundred times

सौन्दर्य

Beauty, loveliness

स्टवन्सन

Stevenson (personal name)

स्तुति

Quality; virtue; prayer; eulogy; praise

स्तुत्य

Laudable, admirable

स्थान

M

Place; locality; situation; site; house; position, post, appointment; station, rank

See के स्थान (में / पर) (instead of, in place of)

स्थापना

To propound, found, establish, install

स्थापित

Created, founded, established, installed

स्थिति

F

State, situation, circumstances, condition, position, place of residence

स्थिर

Adj

Stable, resting

स्नेहपूर्वक

Affectionately

स्पर्श

Touch, contact

स्पष्ट

Clear, evident

स्पष्टतः

Adv

Obviously

स्मरण

M

Memory, remembrance

स्मरणीय

Adj

Memorable

स्मृति

Memory; reflection; remembrance

स्व

Prefix denoting one's own, personal

स्व.

Abbreviated title ??

स्वकर्म

M

Ones own deed or action

स्वकृति

Personal action (?)

स्वतंत्र

Independent, free, self-governed

स्वतंत्रता

Independence, freedom

स्वतः

Of one's own accord, voluntarily, spontaneously

स्वदेश

M

Ones own country

स्वदेशी

Adj

Native

स्वधर्म

M

Ones own religion or duty, ones personal duty

स्वभाव

M

Ones own nature or temperament

स्वभाव

Nature, temperament, innate disposition, habit

स्वयं

Reflexive pronoun -- his/her own, himself, herself

• स्वयं प्रकाशी ब्रह्म (self illuminating Brahma -- supreme being)

स्वयं प्रकाशी ब्रह्म

Self illuminating Brahma -- supreme being (interlocutor)

स्वयम्

Reflexive pronoun: his/her/me, himself/herself/myself

स्वराज्य

M

Self-rule

स्वरूप

M, Adj

(M): Shape, form, nature, character, type, appearance, identity, image

(Adj): similar

स्वाभावादि

Temperament

स्वाभाविक

Adj

Natural; innate; peculiar

स्वाभाविकता

Naturalness, spontaneity

स्वामी

M

Swami; owner, proprietor; master, lord; king; title of the supreme being; head of a religious order; title given to a renowned sage or devotee; husband; lover

स्वीकार

Acceptance, confession, consent, promise

स्वीकारना

To accept; confess; recognize; grant; sanction; assent; consent

स्वीकार्य

Acceptable

स्वीकृत

Accepted, admitted, (acknowledged interlocutor)