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. - hyphen

Can replace any of the following conjunctions:

• और (more, additional, else, other, and)
• या (or)
• व ` (thus, and, or)
• वा (or)

When joining two words with similar meanings, hyphens intensify or generalized the shared meaning

Sometimes form a compound that has a new meaning largely determined by the first word of the compound

. - प्रियता

Lovability, beloved, being fond of

. -आ or - ा

Sfx

• Creates a perfect tense or perfect participle
• Changes a verbstem into a masculine noun

. -ई or - ी

Sfx

• Perfect or perfect participle
• Changes:
  • An adjective into a noun
  • A noun into an adjective
  • A noun into another noun
  • A noun into a feminine noun usually indicating a profession
  • A masculine noun into a feminine noun that is its dimutive form
• "--ation:" A verb stem into an abstract feminine noun

NOTE: an ending आ may be dropped

. -ईन or - ीन

Sfx

Suffix changes a noun into an adjective denoting "having"

. -ईय

Changes a noun into an adjective

. -कालीन

Suffix denoting relationship to time, pertaining to time, timely, old, ancient, seasonable

. -ता

-ness; Changes an adjective into an abstract feminine noun which can be either singular or plural

. -पूर्ण

Adj, Sfx

(Adj) Entire, complete, full
(Suffix) Creates an adjective from a noun and denotes full

2

A two following a word is a shorthand way of expressing that the word should be repeated.